Testing for endotoxin is performed at many steps in the manufacture of drugs and medical devices. Endotoxin testing is required for the release of finished product (see Validation of End Product and Release Testing below). Testing for endotoxins is also frequently performed to assess raw materials, in-process materials, vendors, as well as projects and components in research and development. Endotoxin testing is often a component of investigations into product quality issues.

Raw materials can be tested as part of a traditional QC program or Process Analytical Technology (PAT). Identifying the amount of endotoxin in raw materials helps highlight process modifications that can improve the final product. Matching results from raw materials and final product can yield the contribution of each raw material to the endotoxin content of the final product and document improvements in quality during production. Some raw materials should have endotoxin limits established and confirmed to determine if a batch can be accepted from a vendor.

Typically, three production lots of the final product should be subject to validation (inhibition or enhancement test) before the test may be used to release final product. The validation assay is also used in QC programs to accept raw materials into production. Validation testing can be performed in accordance with USP, EP, and/or JP, depending on the specifications of the client.

The Release Test is performed according to a validated method and is used to release finished product. The test can also be performed for release of raw/in-process materials. Release testing can be performed in accordance with USP, EP, and/or JP, depending on the specifications of the client.

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